Social orientation behaviors of young children with Down syndrome in achievement situations: Another look.

Examined the social orientation behaviors (i.e., looks to adult and calls for adult attention) of 20 young children with Down syndrome and a comparison group of 20 typically developing children in 2 different achievement related conditions. One condition consisted of "active" caregiver involvement and the other "passive" caregiver involvement. The behaviors were measured at 3 different time points (i.e., while working on tasks, at partial task completion, and upon total completion of tasks). In general, the findings indicate that both groups of children displayed similar rates of socially oriented behaviors when working on achievement-type tasks.

Toilet habits in Downs: A survey on 492 subjects

The records of an unselected consecutive series of 530 Down Ss, all seen by the author, were examined as for toilet habits, as checked at first consultation. The records of thirty-eight psychotic Downs were discarded because possible interferences of the superimposed psychosis.
The remaning 492 showed their year of birth ranging from 1944 to 1995 and were so distributed: 286 M + 206 F; M/F ratio = 139/100; chromosomal anomalies: pure trisomy 21 = 90.04%; mosaicism = 3.05% , translocations = 3.25%, unknown = 3.66%. The sample was split up into 12 age subsamples from 4-6 months to 181 months and more.
The results shows that normal or nearly normal toilet habits range from about 40% to 80%; average more than 50% have scarce troubles or no one in this respect. Atonic or mainly atonic constipation is the more frequent toilet trouble and could be found from about 7% to about 23%, and averages about 13%. Spastic or mainly spastic constipation has 30% as its main value in the 49-60 age group but is average about 9%.
Many age groups do not have Ss with frequent diarrheas as prevalent toilet habit. Diarrheas could be found in age from 13 to 60 months and in the 109-132 months age group. When present, such a trouble averages about 3.5%.
Lastly, mixed forms average 3%, of which the more frequent is alternation of atonic or spastic constipation, followed by alternation of spastic constipation and diarrheas.

Longevity in Down syndrome: A twelve year survey (1984-1995)

Longevity in Downs syndrome has dramatically increased in this century due to various medical, social and environmental factors. A cohort of 98 Downs syndrome residents in 4 hospitals in the Stoke Park Group in 1984 were analyzed in 1995. Results confirm the predicted pattern of longevity. Stoke Park Studies of associated physical and mental disorders and diseases in aging Downs syndrome are included to be of help in the future planning and provision of services.

Mosaic forms in Down's syndrome: A survey on sixteen cases

16 mosaic Downs syndrome (DS) Ss (age at 1st consultation: 11-228 mo) had symptoms analysis to determine if they differ from other DS chromosomal forms. Symptoms or behaviors checked were delivery and its troubles; food habits, in particular for sweet things and broth and refusal to have breakfast before 9-10 AM; sleep habits and strange postures during sleep; toilet habits; heart anomalies and squint; age at autonomous walking, motor skills, hypotonia, tongue protrusion, hyperkinesis; symptoms of stress or compensatory symptoms (e.g., depression or irritability). In this sample it was not possible to find some overall superiority in comparison with other DS forms, but the large extent of peri- and neo-natal troubles could have modified the outcomes.