This June I was given a wonderful opportunity to organize a seminar on homeschooling our children with special needs at the annual B.C. Homeschooling Convention. At first I didn't think it was such a wonderful opportunity. It would involve a 10 hour trip (one way), leaving some of my family behind, as well as the nervousness involved in doing something I'd never done before. It was only because the Lord opened the doors to make it possible to go, and because my husband was so supportive about my going, that I agreed to do it. As it turned out, though, it was a wonderful opportunity. I was prepared to do all the talking if I absolutely had to. But once the seminar got underway, it ended up being more of a support group meeting with me saying hardly anything, simply directing the discussion as necessary! It was very encouraging being able to share concerns and glean wisdom from other moms who are facing similar challenges in their homeschooling. Since all of us came from the same province in Canada, this gave us all additional insights, unique to special needs homeschooling in B.C..
     If any of you are ever given the opportunity to organize something similar at a homeschooling convention in your area, do it!! There are moms out there that just need to know that others are doing what they are doing. The Lord could work a real blessing through you in the lives of others. He sure worked a blessing in my heart through the moms that attended!
     I would like to share with you what I prepared for the convention, adapted a bit to make it more readable, including some of the ideas I gleaned from the seminar. I hope it is a blessing to you!

Seminar on Special Needs and Homeschooling
(She began speaking to the group of moms with a smile on her face as bright as the sun, I am sure.... Editor's note.)
     My name is Diane Ryckman. My husband's name is John, and we have 7 children. Our 6^th child, Andrew, was born with Downs syndrome, and he was my introduction to special needs homeschooling.
     Prior to getting married and having children, I trained as an elementary school teacher. After that I taught for two years at a small Christian school in Creston, British Columbia, where I met my husband. 8 years ago we returned to Creston to raise our growing family. Our oldest daughter, Rachel has just turned 16, then there's Jennifer, 14, John Daniel, 12, Timmy, 10, Sarah, 7, Andrew, almost 5, and Benny, 2. Each of them have been homeschooled from the beginning. Though I trained as a teacher, and taught a couple of years, I didn't really begin learning to teach until our children came along... and I'm still learning!
     What has most influenced my perspective on homeschooling (and everything else about life for that matter), is the Bible, the Word of God. During my last year of high school I came face to face with the claims of Jesus Christ as recorded in the Bible. I have embraced Him and sought to follow Him since. The Word of God is my guidebook for education, for morality, for raising children, for being a wife and mother... you name it, the Bible has something to say about it.

Andrew's Story
     Andrew was born just after midnight on his Dad's 39^th birthday. His birth was uneventful. Neither of us noticed anything unusual about him at that point, but two hours later, after John had headed home from the hospital and I was settling in for some sleep, our doctor came in and gently let me know that they suspected Andrew of having Downs Syndrome. It had never crossed my mind that any of our children would ever be born with a disability of any type. My response to the doctor was, "If the Lord wanted to give us a little son who needed lots of extra love and attention, He sent him to the right place."
     The morning after Andrew was born, however, the Lord brought me face to face with three very ugly attitudes and misconceptions I'd had all my life.

1. I never realized I'd always looked at people with handicaps (especially mental ones) as on a different plane from the rest of us. The Lord makes it very clear in His Word that every one of us is created in the image of God. Every one of us is made for a purpose. It is such a relief to realize that God has designed each one of us, including our children with special needs, just the way we are. People with handicaps are not handicapped people, but rather people who just happen to have a handicap.
2. As a result of my ingrained prejudices, my love for Andrew that first morning was a lesser type of love than that for the rest of our children. I knew it was so wrong. The Lord was doing some heavy duty cleaning in my life through our wee son. He showed me my heart, "deceitful, and desperately wicked". I asked Him to love Andrew through me. He then gave me such a love for and joy in our precious child, I couldn't believe the difference! He gently lead me along to see that my love for each of our children is so inadequate, so human and variable, that not only do I need the Lord to love Andrew through me, but each of the others as well.
3. The third lesson the Lord taught me that morning was one of "ownership". Because of the effects of DS on Andrew's facial features, his family resemblance was different than the other children. This made him seem more of a gift baby from the Lord we were responsible to raise for Him. Then it hit me that each of our children is the Lord's stewardship to us as parents. None of them are really our own, they all belong to Him. As such all must be treated with great care and respect. These were the first lessons the Lord taught me through Andrew in the wee hours of the morning on Andrew's birthday. Once the Lord had dealt with me in these three areas I was able to "change gears" and help others "change gears" as we broke the news to them.

Individualized Education Plans
     Now I'd like to touch on a tool that has revolutionized the way I plan school for each of our children - the Individualized Education Plan (or IEP). Let's first define education.
     Education consists of so much more than academics, especially for the Christian homeschooling family. Besides the "3 R's" it includes character development, life skills, verbal communication, physical development, and most importantly, spiritual understanding. Education is equipping for life. An IEP is a personalized plan for carrying out that equipping, one step at a time. The idea behind an IEP is that I will design an education to fit my child, as opposed to trying to make my child fit a pre-determined education.
     With an IEP we think, not in terms of grade level and grades, but of learning and progress. When designing an IEP, there are three questions to keep in mind. I feel these are important for my children:

1. Where is my child at?
2. What are we aiming for? (short term goals, long term goals)
3. How will we get there?

Communication
     Pre-speech communication: When Andrew was two he began to get frustrated about not being able to communicate with us. We could tell he had a good understanding of what we would say to him, but just wasn't able to get out what he wanted to say to us. At that time we began to teach him sign language. He was quick to learn the signs... he wanted so badly to be understood! When we knew what he would want to say (at the dinner table, pointing to something he wanted more of, for example), we would use the sign and say the word it represented. Soon he caught on to the signs. Every time he used a sign, we would repeat the word that went with it. In time we noticed that after he had learned the signs and used them for a while, he began to say the word with the sign (which helped us identify what the word was). The signing seemed to be a bridge to the spoken word for Andrew. Signing and saying the word at the same time provides sight, action, and sound cues all at the same time, and from what I've read about teaching children, the more forms of input the better. A good reference book for sign language is The Joy of Signing, by Lottie Riekehof. An excellent signing video series is Sign With Me which is produced by:

Boys Town National Research Hospital
555 North 30^th St.
Omaha, NE 68131

The Hanen Center
Suite 403 - 1075 Bay Street
Toronto, ON M5S 2B1
Canada
(416) 921- 1073
http://www.hanen.org

Speech
     Love and Learning video series. Produced by:

Joe and Sue Kotlinski
P.O. Box 4088
Dearborn, MI 48126-4088

Picture Books of Important Words
     Another thing we did was make up picture books of important words using photographs - family names, actions, etc. - and would "read" them over and over, doing signs to accompany the target words. This helped us both remember the signs, and provided visual, auditory and kinesthetic input for each word.
     Others have mentioned Beckman oral motor exercises as being a real help to their child (beckmanoralmotor.com). As well as 1^st and 2^nd Straight Talks (NATHHAN).

Reading

Here are some steps to learning to read, and things to consider:

1. The recognition of sounds (one sound per letter - just the basics!)
2. Finger following along words from left to right
3. Introducing the idea of words having more than one sound
4. The blending of sounds (100 Easy Lessons, Reading Reflex, Acorn In My Hand, Contact Lifetime Books and Gifts 1-800-377-0390)
5. Choose method of reading, sight words vs. phonics, or combination of both.
6. Use flash cards, or booklets for sight word reading.

Here are 2 suggestions for implementing a multi sensory approach to reading. These are really useful for teaching sight words.

1. Write word out on strip of paper
2. Child looks at word, then traces letters with finger as saying word.

Neurological Impress Method

1. Parent reads with child, directing voice in child's ear.
2. Parent reads slightly faster and louder than child at first.
3. Parent slides finger under words as reads them.
4. As child becomes capable, let him lead and underline words with finger.

Some other resources:

• Love and Learning
• Phonics Plain and Simple Part A and B
• Reading Reflex
• Writing Road to Reading
• Acorn in My Hand
• 5 Minute Phonics

1. Child learns to control a pencil.
2. Learning to make basic movements (NATHHAN Winter 2001).
3. Recognition of letter names (keyboard).
4. Choosing printing vs. italics or cursive.

Use of a tape recorder for written assignment

1. Have child develop an outline.
2. Dictate thoughts in complete sentences on tape.
3. Focus on one major point only per sitting.
4. Transcribe (with parental assistance as necessary) using computer.
5. Proof read (spell check, etc.).

Use of a tape recorder for spelling

1. Have child record own words for the week on tape, leaving a 5 second pause between words.
2. Child can then listen back to words for studying, and for test administration.

Other spelling hints:

1. Cut down on number of words each day. 3/day gives 15 each week.
2. Master 3 words each day, and review them daily
3. Practice each word over and over, writing, tracing or typing the word
4. Give the child a strategy for studying
   1. say word
   2. write and say word
   3. check word
   4. trace and say word
   5. write from memory and check

Counting

Andrew learned to count going up and down the stairs at our church building - we have none at home! First John would count with him over and over to 3. After a few weeks of this, Andrew began counting along with Daddy, then Daddy began counting up to five, then 8, 10, etc. We're still working our way through the later teens.

Number recognition

(John purchased a large button calculator for a couple of dollars just for Andrew. He loved playing with it and quickly learned the number symbols to go with the names he already knew).

Addition facts

We had purchased some exercise tapes called U Can Do 1-800-286-8585 for the older children. The children on the video say the addition or multiplication facts while doing an exercise routine. Andrew loves doing the exercises - his way! - along with the video, and is now beginning to say the facts along with the children. I know he doesn't yet understand the concepts of addition or multiplication yet. We're working on addition, but when things do "click" he'll already have the facts memorized!). Some have also suggested using Cuisenaire rods, and Math-U-See 1378 River Rd. Drumore, PA 17518, (888) 854-6284.

Spiritual Training

Bible memorization:

We usually work on the portion of scripture we're memorizing at breakfast. Last summer we were memorizing the parable of the sower and the seed from Luke. One evening I was lying beside Andrew at bedtime waiting for him to fall asleep. We'd gone over the alphabet together (another learning routine). I figured I would practice the memory work. To my surprise, as I came to the end of a verse or sentence, Andrew would say the word before I did. He knew it too, only he didn't have the ability to get all those words out. It was only the last word that he'd say. This winter at Sunday school we were all challenged to memorize 1 Corinthians 12, or portions of it. Andrew received an award for learning his section. We made up signs to go with the words, which helped us all remember the selection.

Knowledge of our Creator and His creation:

Point out the beauty around us and that God made it. Point out His goodness, His greatness, His bigness, etc.

Talk about the Bible, written by God. Written for each one of us, etc.

Character

Obedience and respect of authority- Lovingly Guiding their Footsteps (Available through NATHHAN $3.75)

To Train Up a Child, a book by Michael and Debbie Pearl is straight forward and practical. They advise actually setting up training sessions, teaching our children early basics like sit, stay, come and not waiting until it is too late. These early basics in obedience can set a good foundation for future obedience.

In our home we also implement character building in: Respect of others and their things, manners and courtesy, helpfulness, thoughtfulness and sharing.

• Chores
• Self care
• Helpfulness in the community
• Social Skills
  • One mom shared in a back issue of NATHHAN magazine (Spring 1993) one idea on how to help her son with social skills. She wrote an article in an effort to help her community and church family better understand her son. Letting people know what to expect and what is normal for your special needs child can help them better understand your needs as a family.
  • One boy with Tourettes Syndrome asked his mom if they could make up a card explaining Tourettes that he could give out to people so he wouldn't have to keep explaining it himself.
  • One mom made up a picture book called About Me that she asked each parent in a group her daughter was involved with to take home so they could as a family take the time to know about her daughter who has cerebral palsy.

Some Tips for Handling Learning With Disabilities from NATHHAN Spring 1993 - Maureen Westcott)

1. Educate yourself - become an expert on your child's specific disabilities. (I've been studying Downs Syndrome for close to 5 years now. -Figured I've at least earned my degree in special needs early childhood education. Now I'm working on the thesis for my Masters!)
   1. Check out the library (inter-library loan), or the NATHHAN lending library. Even if a book does not specifically address your child's problem, if it deals with special needs you may be able to glean something that can be applied to your child.
2. Educate your child. Help your child realize the fault is not with them, but is a learning problem which can be dealt with the same as if they needed glasses. Having a cup of tea together, talking it out, can put our children on our side, rather than making us antagonists. Become a team to work it out.
3. Try local private schools. Can they offer you assistance? What do they do with their students who have learning disabilities? Who do they use, where do they test? Can they can test your child? etc.
4. Try local groups
5. Talk about it at homeschool meetings
6. Accent the good areas - concentrate on what your children excel in.
7. Pray - "If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God...and it shall be given him." James 1:5

1. Start early with input, even if understanding is not there, so that by the time he does understand, he'll have the knowledge to build on.
2. Lots of repetition.
3. Break skills down into subskills, and teach one subskill at a time.
4. Positive atmosphere - make it fun. Encourage lots!
5. Repeat and expand. Build on the knowledge he has.
6. Use as many channels of input as possible - visual, auditory, kinesthetic.
7. Stimulation. Keep his mind busy. (Having a big family is a definite benefit in this area!)
8. Watch for opportunities through out the day's activities to teach "incidentally".

1. Get as many senses as possible involved (show it, say it, etc.)
2. Give specific cues to maintain child's attention (eyes right here).
3. Give clear, concise simple instructions.
4. Be consistent with daily instructions. Give the same instructions from day to day. (In the same tone of voice and verbiage.)
5. Have child repeat instructions back to you so you can insure comprehension.
6. If you need to repeat, do it patiently, being clear, kind and firm. Encourage child to ask for help appropriately if he needs it.
7. Use a daily assignment book - begin by writing in assignments for child then transfer that responsibility to child when capable.